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Clinical lycanthropy : ウィキペディア英語版 | Clinical lycanthropy
Clinical lycanthropy is defined as a rare psychiatric syndrome that involves a delusion that the affected person can transform into, has transformed into, or is a non-human animal. Its name is connected to the mythical condition of lycanthropy, a supernatural affliction in which humans are said to physically shapeshift into wolves. ==History==
Catherine Clark Kroeger has written that several parts of the Bible refer to King Nebuchadnezzar's behavior in Daniel 4 as a being manifestation of clinical lycanthropy. Neurologist Andrew J. Larner has written that the fate of Odysseus's crew at the hands of Circe may be one of the earliest examples of clinical lycanthropy. Notions that lycanthropy was due to a medical condition go back to the second century, when the Alexandrian physician Paulus Aegineta attributed lycanthropy to melancholy or an "excess of black bile". In 1563 a Lutheran physician named Johann Weyer wrote that werewolves suffered from an imbalance in their melancholic humour and exhibited the physical symptoms of paleness, "a dry tongue and a great thirst" as well as sunken, dim and dry eyes.〔 Even King James in his 1597 treatise ''Daemonologie'' does not blame werewolf behaviour on delusions created by the Devil but "an excess of melancholy as the culprit which causes some men to believe that they are wolves and to 'counterfeit' the actions of these animals".〔 The perception of a link between mental illness and animalistic behaviour can be traced throughout the history of folklore from many different countries.〔Metzger, N. (2013). ("Battling Demons with Medical Authority: Werewolves, Physicians and Rationalization" ). ''History of Psychiatry'' 24: 341–355. 〕
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